Updates

Prevention of torture

US Deports 250 Alleged Gang Members to El Salvador Despite Court Ruling to Halt Flights

On Friday, March 14, 2025, President Trump invoked the Alien Enemies Act to order the deportations of suspected members of the Venezuelan gang he has accused of “unlawfully infiltrating” the US. The US formally designated Tren de Aragua a “foreign terrorist organization” last month. The US district judge James Boasberg had attempted to halt the…

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Georgia (US): Prisons in ‘Emergency Mode,’ with Gang Influence Rising

Staffing vacancies for correctional officers at 20 of Georgia’s 34 prisons have reached emergency levels, making it impossible to keep up with even basic protocols such as routine counts of prisoners. At some prisons, gangs are effectively running the facilities, in part due to a lack of staff, using violence to maintain control. The violence…

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People v. Valdez: Sureño, Norteño

On January 27, 1994, around 2:30 p.m., a caravan of vehicles, including a white Datsun, drove by the residences of Jesus Mesa, Margarito (Mago) and Andres Reyes, and Antonio Gomez on Lotus Street in San Jose. Jesus Mesa heard Antonio yell “Sureño” at the caravan. The vehicles returned and stopped. Several Hispanic males emerged and…

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African-American Gangs in the United States: History, Transformation, Subculture, Hierarchy, Case Law and Political Discourse

This article focuses on African American street and prison gangs, which – along with other gangs – constitute a significant and iconic phenomenon of contemporary political discourse in the United States, as well as social and economic life in this country. Likewise, African American street and prison gangs are an important part of cultural and…

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Commonwealth v. Cullen: the Latin Kings

Robert Nazarro, the director of treatment at the Counseling and Psychotherapy Center (CPC), treated the defendant from December, 2006, to August, 2008. Over an eight-month period in 2009, the corporate offices of CPC began to receive anonymous mailings. The mailings, which ultimately numbered twenty-five, contained a variety of materials: numerous highlighted newspaper articles, including several…

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